PROMOSI KESEHATAN MENCEGAH INFEKSI SALURAN PERNAFASAN ATAS DENGAN PENERAPAN PERILAKU HIDUP BERSIH DAN SEHAT

Abstract

Infeksi saluran pernafasan atas (ISPA) merupakan masalah kesehatan yang mudah menular terutama pada balita. Pendekatan kesehatan melalui Posyandu mulai berkurang, orang tua lebih memilih untuk anaknya tinggal di rumah saja daripada datang ke pelayanan kesehatan, Indonesia mengalami keadaan ini, saat masa pandemi Covid-19. Ketika anak dalam kondisi sakitpun keluarga masih berupaya untuk lebih memilih di rumah. Perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat (PHBS) tidak dilakukan selama di rumah, masih banyak orangtua yang tinggal dengan balitanya tetap merokok, ventilasi udara tidak terbuka, pemenuhan kebutuhan makanan untuk menyusui dan gizi seimbang belum dilakukan secara maksimal. Sehingga banyak kejadian anak balita menderita ISPA. Promosi kesehatan merupakan salah satu cara agar masyarakat sadar akan pentingnya menerapkan PHBS. Kegiatan ini diikuti oleh 27 ibu bersama balitanya di sekitar rumah susun Cinta Kasih Cengkareng. Kegiatan ini dilakukan menggunakan aplikasi daring dengan Zoom Meeting. Hasil evaluasi kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat terlihat adanya peningkatan pengetahuan dan kemampuan peserta dalam melakukan cuci tangan dan batuk efektif. Diharapkan masyarakat dapat meningkatkan perilaku dalam PHBS seperti mencuci tangan dengan sabun yang benar, menggunakan masker, tidak merokok di lingkungan, melakukan imunisasi sesuai jadwal dan memberikan gizi seimbang, agar anak dapat terhindar dari ISPA dan virus COVID-19.

Kata Kunci: ISPA, PHBS, Promosi kesehatan.

ABSTRACT

Upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) are a health problem that is easily transmitted, especially in toddlers. The health approach through Integrated Health Centers (IHCs) has begun to decline as parents prefer their children to stay at home rather than going to the clinics. This situation was widespread over Indonesia during the Covid-19 pandemic. When a child is ill, his/her family would still prefer at-home treatment. Clean and Healthy Behavior (CHB) was often not done while at home as there were many parents with toddlers who still smoked, their houses lack of adequate air ventilation, and lack of optimal food requirements and balanced nutrition for breastfeeding mothers. There were many cases of children under five who suffered from URTIs. Health promotion is one way for many people to be aware of the importance of implementing CHB. This community activity was attended by 27 mothers along with her toddlers in Cinta Kasih Flats, Cengkareng. This activity was carried out as online meetings via Zoom application. The results of the evaluation of community service activities show that there is an increase in the knowledge and ability of participants in carrying out effective hand washing and cough etiquette. It is hoped that the community can improve their CHB behavior such as washing hands with the appropriate soap, wearing masks, ceasing smoking in public spaces, taking vaccines according to schedule, and providing balanced nutrition, so that the children can avoid URTIs and the Covid-19 virus.

Key words: URTIs,  CHB,    Health promotion